They organized regular escape roads to Russia, which, in the following period, particularly in the 30’s, led to their own annihilation by the Turks.” Alevi Kurds also sheltered the Armenians living in Dersim, covering up for the Christian families that stayed in the area and pretended to be Alevi themselves. Known as the ocak, these priestly tribes trace their ancestries back to the family of Ali or other saints. And that is where he was buried.
Men and women pray together in an outdoor ceremony on a sacred hill in the upper Munzur Valley. When he died, Düzgün was buried on the ridge above his cave. Once they are both married, the spiritual union of the four is created, and husbands and wives follow the Alevi path together, as equal partners in their journey toward Truth.
During the 1400’s, much of eastern Turkey and northwestern Persia was ruled by a Sunni tribal federation known as the White Sheep Turkomans. In March 1995 more than 20 Alevis were killed by vigilantes and police in Istanbul. Though Sunni Kurds frequently participated in atrocities committed against Armenians in eastern Turkey, the Alevi Kurds refused to join in, and are known for protecting the Armenians during the so-called Great Crime. A newly married couple visits the source of the Munzur with their wedding party.
Marriage is monogamous, but social status is patrilineal, hence unions between seyit women and talip men may be discouraged by the women’s families, since the children of such a couple would have no claim to their mother’s sacred lineage. Some adopted Alevism in the 16th century, during the period when the Persian Safavids ruled eastern Anatolia and imposed Islam as the state religion. A sentry guards the door, preventing people from entering or leaving during the ritual. He wanted to give him something special, which would remind him of home. For us, Heaven and Hell are here on this earth.”, Zeynal Dede, one of the most beloved and respected pirs in the upper Munzur Valley, agrees. The Kizilbash are traditionally predominantly rural and acquire identity by parentage.
Today, people still go to the springs for healing, especially for knee and leg problems; one resident of Guney Konak village said that he was at El Baba when a family arrived with a ten-year-old boy who had never been able to walk; after spending a few hours there, and drinking tea made from a mixture of water and dirt from around the spring, the child got up and walked away with his overjoyed parents, as though his legs had never had a problem! Writer's note: Though this seems to be the rule, there is one conspicuous exception: the local Armenian Christians who adopted Alevism. When Alevis do pray, they don’t do it in mosques; in fact, in the town of Ovacik, the lone mosque is visited only by people who are not from the valley: policemen, soldiers, and some students who have come to attend the local college.
Meh. Bektashis, however, are predominantly urban, and formally claim that membership is open to any Muslim. “Everyone is created by God, everyone is a manifestation of the divine, men and women alike,” says the pir in Guney Konak. Some declare that Alevism is a purer, more truly Turkish form of Islam than the Sunnism imported from Arabia. Today, this role is largely ceremonial, but long ago, when Alevis worshipped in secret for fear of being discovered by the authorities, they posted a man as a lookout and a guard, to help protect the worshippers. Known as a gurgu cem, this ceremony can only begin when everything is “in the correct way.” The pir questions the congregation, and any conflicts between talips must be resolved before the ritual can proceed.
Proponent…
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